Impacts of Solid Waste Leachate on Soil and its PDF |
| Ramia Bassam Rida Tuffaha |
| Supervisor(s) |
| Professor Marwan Haddad - أ.د مروان حداد |
| Discussion Commity |
| 1. Professor Marwan Haddad (Supervisor) 2. Dr. Nidal Zatar (Internal Examiner) 3. Dr. Anaan Jayyosi (Internal Examiner) 4. Dr. Amal Hudhud (External Examiner) |
| 116 صفحة |
| Abstract : |
Abstract Palestine is not like other countries; it has its special situation because of the Israeli occupation. The closure and segregation of the main roads of the Palestinian, leading to complicate the solid waste management problem and resulted in the usage of alternative uncontrolled dumping sites which may be polluted the soil and the ground water. The vulnerability map of West Bank notice thatmany Palestinian cities especially Nablus city have high vulnerability. Neither short nor long term effect of MSW on soil and ground water in Palestine were not adequately evaluated and there is need to explore these effects and impacts. So the aims for this study are: evaluate the temporal and spatial variations of MSW leachate in landfills, evaluate the impacts of MSW leachate on soil, and may be simulate the impacts of MSW leachate on ground water. These aims achieved by establishing a model similar the real dump site, which consists of: § Leachate extraction columns § Leachate application to soil columns Laboratory analyses: § Leachate: the samples were analyzed for MSW leachate parameter which are: pH, EC, TSS, TDS, BOD5, Ca, Mg, Na, K, CO3, HCO3, alkalinity, hardness, Sulfate, Phosphate, Nitrate, Cl, and Iron. § Soil: the soil properties which we tested were classified under two different categories; physical and chemical properties. · Physical analyses are: pH, EC, sieve analysis, hydrometer test. · Chemical analyses are: Nutrition that consists of K, Nitrite, and Phosphorus. Salt source that consists of Na, Ca, Mg, Cl. The results of this study demonstrated that · TSS and TDS of MSW leachate were increased with MSW depth and decreasing with increasing water addition. · SAR values of the soil impacted by MSW leachate and in all columns tested increased slightly with depth but remained within the excellent range of soils suitable for agricultural development. · Removal of pollutants from MSW leachate by passage through a soil. · Statistical analysis of quality data collected showed that responsive functions of elements under consideration using multiple liner regression were possible and adequately acceptable and can be used to predict those elements as a function of MSW elevation and extent of precipitation. |
Thursday, January 28, 2010
Impacts of Solid Waste Leachate on Soil and its
Administrative Decentralization Practical Model for Jenine Hospital
Administrative Decentralization Practical Model for Jenine Hospital PDF |
| Majdoline Abdalla Yousef Nuarat |
| Supervisor(s) |
| Dr Suleiman Khalil - الدكتور قاسم المعاني |
| Discussion Commity |
| 188 صفحة |
| Abstract : |
Abstract: Decentralization has become popular management strategy in many health care systems all over the world. The strategy of applying decentralization in many institutions in the world seems as away to dissolve major problems that face these institutions in finance, social, technical, and mainly administrative manner. Many studies make distinctions between high quality assurance and decentralization to mange services in any organization. Palestinian authority was made concern about decentralization concepts and techniques ,so many institutions in different fields was try to study an apply parts of its strategies as decentralization manner. To day, academics, practitioners and development stakeholders universally recognize the importance of good governance practices for alleviating chronic poverty and injustice .Simultaneously, the world has increasingly turned towers the practice of decentralization to assure democratic governance for human development. The main question of the study is: How can decentralization increase the quality of heath team and work by improving the administrative frame work of the institution? And what is their opinion on that? This study contains six sections, the first one deal with subject and describes the place and the main problem. The second section was assessed the structures and types of decentralization, and assess the political, economical, social, clinical, and equity impacts of alternative decentralization strategies in Jenine hospital. The third section of the study, was evaluated the existing patterns of the implementation of decentralization in different regions in the world and as contrast on the theoretical advantages of decentralization found in the literature with practical experience in the hospital. The fourth section of this study was deal with the methodology and research out line. The fifth section of study was translated the main results of the collected data that was discussed the purpose of applying decentralization in the hospital, and the benefits of implemented this type of administrative strategy. The methodology of this was discussed in section four, which contains the data collection and data analysis by statistical systems on (SPSS) .The study has number of annexes contains proposed frame works to be hold out in the process of institutional development .The sixth section was presented some recommendations to be taken in considerations. The target population of this study was contained about of (73) of Jenine hospital members only (36)who picked up as target group, and (3)of them was hold off because of technical points ,and (33) questionnaires was banked on to be as target group, divided as (23)mails, and(10) females .The study depends on four variables ;sex, qualification, license, experience. AT the end of study concluded in some recommendations as ;there is need to change the managerial system of the hospital, the administrative manner and policy couldn’t meet the hospital and team needs ,and to be part of hospital basic development this system must be changed to decentralization one. It proposed managerial frame work, to be presented to health policy makers, and to form a centralize board to follow up the decentralization process in the hospital, and drown the decentralization map in order to promote health sector reform, and hospital quality of team and work. |
Analysis and Short-Term Future Vision for the
Analysis and Short-Term Future Vision for the PDF |
| AHMADHASAN MOHAMAD ALMOSLEH |
| Supervisor(s) |
| Dr. KHALED AL-SAHILI - |
| Discussion Commity |
| 348 صفحة |
| Abstract : |
Abstract There is a lack of urban and transportation planning in Jenin City. This study addresses the short-term planning for the transportation systems in Jenin City to reach at appropriate solutions for the transportation problems in the city. In addition, the study addresses other detailed objectives for the various transportation systems in the city. This study includes statistical data collection from its various sources and field surveys (traffic volume studies, parking studies, and inventory studies). The thesis includes a study of existing transportation systems (description and evaluation), traffic analysis of studied intersections (capacity, level of service, and signalization). The analysis includes existing and future conditions (after five years), which depend on projected number of vehicles based on natural population growth for Jenin City, as the number of vehicles during the last ten years was not regularly registered and licensed. The importance of this thesis is that there is a need for regularly conducting such studies every five years to update such plans taking into consideration several changes taking place in this city. Most of these changes come from political and economical reasons, in addition to the changing traffic conditions in the transportation network and the existing and proposed transportation systems resulted from the Jenin Master Plan. Based on the analysis, the study reached at several recommendations for the existing and proposed road network conditions, which form the transportation master plan for the city. The proposed changes include plans for the studied intersections and roadways, parking, public transportation, truck routes, pedestrian areas, and the institutional structure. The study concluded that only one intersection is warranted for signalization in the future, which is An-Naffa Intersection. |
SALMON -(PBUH)- in the Holy Quran
SALMON -(PBUH)- in the Holy Quran PDF |
| Hammam Hasan Yousuf Salloum |
| Supervisor(s) |
| Dr. Khalid Olwan - |
| Discussion Commity |
| 275 صفحة |
| Abstract : |
This study talks about Salmon the prophet (pbuh) and traces wherever he is mentioned in the Holy Quran. It defines many aspects related to his personality including his noble birth, genealogy, the era when he lived and the environment. It focuses mainly on the knowledge God granted him, his miracles which obviously mark his great reign and show his strength and wisdom. These include his story in the ants' valley, with the hoopoo and the Queen of Saba' that resulted in the Islam of the queen due to the miraculous deeds done by him. The study also counteracts lies and tales he was accused of, mainly being a magician. It talks in detail about his story with the horses (of the best and noble quality). His seduction with the body laid on his thrown. Throwing light on these issues, giving the right explanation and showing that he is an infallible prophet, granted with impeccability from God and protected from sin and offence. Finally the study ends with his death which was a lesson to charge a false dominant doctrine during that era. |
Abu- Dīb 's Translation of Orientalism
Abu- Dīb 's Translation of Orientalism: PDF |
| Nadia Ali Khalil Hamad |
| Supervisor(s) |
| Dr. Nabil A'lawi - د. عبد الكريم دراغمة |
| Discussion Commity |
| 200 صفحة |
| Abstract : |
Abstract
Despite the flourishing movement of translation in the Arab world throughout the 20th century, few studies, if any, were produced, as hoc, on criticism and evaluation of such translations. Among these translations, the translation of Edward W. Said's Orientalism deserves special attention: it was translated into 36 languages including Arabic. The Arabic translation by the famous poet, critic and translator, Kamal Abu-Dib, was reprinted many times after its first edition in 1981. yet, concern was shown regarding some problems in the translation of this excellent work by some readers and translators.
Drawing on the progress, achieved in the last few decades, in linguistics studies, especially in text-linguistics and related studies in translation, this study aims to ascertain salient problems in the Arabic translation of Orientalism, on the graphical, lexical, syntactic, semantic and pragmatic levels, and to suggest solutions where possible.
The study will also investigate the consistency of the methodology adopted by the translator, evaluated the translation, and give recommendations that may benefit new Arabic editions of the book and Arabic translation, in general.
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Mind and Senses Lexicons in the Holy Quran
Mind and Senses Lexicons in the Holy Quran PDF |
| Siham Mohammed Ahmed Al Asmer |
| Supervisor(s) |
| PhD. Yehya Jaber - |
| Discussion Commity |
| صفحة |
| Abstract : |
Abstract Thanks to Allah, and peace on his prophet, This study was arranged in an introduction, three main chapters, and a conclusion. The introduction approached the importance of language in human life. Furthermore, the study focus on the status of Arabic language; the language of the holy Quran, the title of the study was "dictionary of lexicons of mind and senses: a statistical study. The first chapter of the study, made the theoretical background with a title "lexicons of mind and senses between philosophers and linguists". It also included a discussion of vocabulary of realization and awareness that took its origin from the Greek philosophy with an Islamic style, most of the time, a cross-opinions approach between the variouse linguists which shows the points of agreement and disagreements. The second chapter: in this chapter the dictionary was divided into similar somatic groups, the dissection of lexicons semantics and its origin in the Arabic dictionaries, moreover, a linking was made between most dictionary lexicons and their meaning in concrete form, and its epistemological and its developments into their abstract form. The third chapter contained a statistical tabulation, and divided them into two tables of contents, the former is concerned with mind and senses lexsicons in alphabetical order, supported with variouse occurrences in the holy Quran, the latter, is a statistical tabulation that shows the numbers of words occurrences in the Quran, their derivations and their madani and maki classifications. Finally, the study ended with a conclusion that focuses on the main themes and summarizes the study's main results, while comparing the results of previous studies.
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Cooling of High Heat Flux Electronic Devices by Two Phase Thermosyphon System
Cooling of High Heat Flux Electronic Devices by Two Phase Thermosyphon System PDF |
| Aysar Mahmoud Masoud Yasin |
| Supervisor(s) |
| Dr. Abdelrahim Abusafa - |
| Discussion Commity |
| . Dr. Abdelrahim Abusafa supervisor Dr. Afif Hasan (External Examiner) Dr. Bashir Al Noory (Internal Examiner) |
| 116 صفحة |
| Abstract : |
Two phase closed thermosyphon system for cooling high heat flux electronic devices is built in the laboratory and tested under different operating conditions. This Study presents an experimental investigation on the heat transfer coefficient, temperature difference between the evaporator and the refrigerant inside evaporator channels, overall heat transfer coefficient, and overall thermal resistance in two-phase thermosyphon system. Investigations are carried out at different conditions: different system pressures, two different types of refrigerants R134a and R22, two different evaporator designs, natural and forced convection heat transfer mode in the condenser. The heat flux and the amount of refrigerant are the manipulated parameters in the system. It is found that the heat transfer coefficient increases almost linearly with the applied heat to the evaporator, and reduced pressure. It is also highly dependant on the type of refrigerant, because the performance of the refrigerant R134a likely to be better than that of R22. The heat transfer coefficient is also higher at natural convection condensation than forced convection condensation at the same heat load, while the overall heat transfer coefficient in the system for forced convection is higher than for natural convection condensation. The heat transfer coefficient is highly dependant on the design of evaporator, especially on the diameters channels. The natural convection heat transfer coefficient is found to be 27 kW/m².˚C and 3.7 kW/m².˚C using R134a and R22, respectively at heat load of 115W. The forced convection heat transfer coefficient is found to be 2.4 kW/m².˚C and 1.6 kW/m².˚C, using R134a and R22, respectively at heat load of 450W. The forced convection overall heat transfer coefficient using R134a is found to be 9.4 kW/m².˚C at 415W while it is 1.08 kW/m².˚C at natural convection at 155W. The temperature difference [Tevaporator–Tsaturation] depends on both the applied heat flux to the evaporator, systems pressure and type of the refrigerant. The natural convection temperature difference does not exceed 1˚C and exceeded 8˚C for R134a and R22, respectively at heat load of 100W. The obtained evaporator temperature for R134a is 94˚C at 155W and 44˚C at 414W using natural and forced convection, respectively. While, the obtained evaporator temperature for R22 is about 80˚C at 115W and 40˚C at 450W for natural and forced convection, respectively. The overall thermal resistance decreases almost linearly with increasing the heat load regardless of the used refrigerant. Moreover, for forced convection, the thermal resistance is much lower than the other heat transfer processes. The overall natural convection thermal resistance is 0.47˚C/W at 155.6W and 0.53˚C/W at 115W while overall forced convection thermal resistance is 0.056˚C/W at 414W and 0.044˚C/W at 417W for R134a and R22 refrigerants, respectively. |